Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of dyes from brown seaweed (Sargassum duplicatum) using response surface methodology

Abstract

Batik is an Indonesian heritage that can use natural or synthetic dyes. Synthetic dyes are quite dangerous for the environment and human health. To reduce the use of synthetic dyes, brown seaweed (Sargassum duplicatum) extraction was conducted as a natural coloring. Brown seaweed is a plant that has the potential to an abundant amount of natural coloring in Indonesia. This research aims to obtain optimum conditions in the process of extracting brown seaweed using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. The material used is brown seaweed obtained from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta Indonesia, and ethanol as a solvent. The research variables are power 200; 400; 600 watts, 15 extraction time; 30; 45 minutes, and seaweed concentration 0.06; 0.12; 0.18%. To get the optimum conditions in the process of extracting brown seaweed, it uses the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that there were interactions between variables that affected the yield. Yield tends to increase with increasing power, time, and concentration of seaweed in the solvent. The optimum conditions of the extraction process in this study were at 400 watts power, 30 minutes, and seaweed concentration 0.12% with a yield of 3.87%..