Abstract
Circular economy principles are based on the use of by-products from one operation as the raw materials in another. The aim of this work is to obtain extracts with high antioxidant capacity and resveratrol content for the superior capitalization of the biomass of Feteasca regala leaves obtained during vineyard horticultural operations in spring. In order to obtain a high-quality extract at an industrial level, an optimal extraction process is needed. Central composite design (CCD) was used for the experiment design, which contained three independent variables: the ratio of extraction solvent to solid matter, temperature (°C) and time (minutes). The evaluation of extracts was done by measuring the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts using photo-chemiluminescent techniques, and the resveratrol content using liquid chromatography. Process optimization was done using response surface methodology (RSM). Minitab software version 17.0 was used for the design of experiments and data analysis. Regression analysis showed that the model predicts 87.5% of the variation for resveratrol and 96% for total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The temperature had the biggest influence on the extraction yield. The optimal operational conditions for the extraction method applied had the following conditions: ratio e/m 2.92; 43.23 °C and 55.4 min. A maximum value of 34,623 µg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) /mL total antioxidant capacity and 182.4 µg/mL resveratrol content were obtained when the optimal extraction parameters where used. The values obtained in experiments proved that by using RSM an accurate model can be obtained for extraction of Feteasca regala leaves.
Highlights
Vitis vinifera is a perennial woody plant of the genus Vitis, family Vitaceae, that is widespread in the Mediterranean region, Central Europe and southwest Asia, from Morocco and Spain to southern
The leaves and vines used for the extraction resulted from horticultural work applied to vines in spring. They were provided by company Jidvei, as biomass resulted in their 2019 spring horticultural work on their Feteasca regala vineyard located in Alba County, Romania
The optimal parameters for the extraction process resulted from the response surface analysis are: ratio of extraction solvent to raw material 3:1, temperature 43 ◦ C and extraction time 56 min
Summary
Vitis vinifera is a perennial woody plant of the genus Vitis, family Vitaceae, that is widespread in the Mediterranean region, Central Europe and southwest Asia, from Morocco and Spain to southernGermany and eastern to northern Iran. Vitis vinifera is a perennial woody plant of the genus Vitis, family Vitaceae, that is widespread in the Mediterranean region, Central Europe and southwest Asia, from Morocco and Spain to southern. Grapes are the raw material for obtaining basic products: wines and juices (maximum 80%). Various by-products are formed (20–30%): pomace, bunches, grape seeds, yeasts, coarse sediments, etc. Their main uses are soil fertilizers, the formation of substrate for the production of biomass and animal feed, and food supplements. The seed oil has various applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. A superior valorization of the biomass can be done by extracting high-value compounds and using them as active ingredients in different products [1,2]
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