Abstract
As a solid waste produced by coal combustion, fly ash will cause serious environmental pollution. However, it can be considered as a sustainable and renewable resource to replace partial cement in grouting materials. Fly ash grouting materials re-cement the broken rock mass and improve the mechanical properties of the original structure. It can reinforce the broken surrounding rock of mine roadway. The utilization of fly ash also reduces environmental pollution. Therefore, this paper establishes a new material mixture ratio optimization model to meet the requirement of material property through combining the methods of experimental design and numerical analysis. Based on the Box–Behnken design with 3 factors and 3 levels, a mathematical model is constructed to fit the nonlinear multiple regression functions between material properties and raw materials ratios. The influence of raw materials is analyzed on material properties (the material’s 7-day uniaxial compressive strength, initial setting time, and slurry viscosity). Then, 80 Pareto solutions are obtained through NASG-II algorithm which takes the regression functions as the objective functions for multi-objective optimization of the grouting material ratio. Finally, the best ratio solution of water-cement ratio—0.71, silica fume content—1.73%, and sodium silicate content—2.61% is obtained through the NNRP-TOPSIS method.
Highlights
IntroductionCoal is the major fossil fuel in the planet Earth
Published: 31 December 2021Coal is the major fossil fuel in the planet Earth
According to the experimental results and the software Design-Export10, the response surface functions of 7-day uniaxial compressive strength (7dUCS), initial setting time, and viscosity of the grouting material could be obtained through multiple linear regression fitting of the data as follows: 7dUCS: Y1 = 10.82 − 5.54X1 + 0.81X2 + 0.48X3 − 0.49X1 X2 − 0.47X1 X3 − 0.052X2 X3
Summary
Coal is the major fossil fuel in the planet Earth. It plays a significant role in the energy structure of the world. As a solid waste produced by coal combustion, the accumulation of fly ash occupies land, and causes serious pollution to the surrounding environment such as water sources, the atmosphere, and soil [1]. This problem has attracted many scholars to study the sustainable management and efficient use of fly ash. It is helpful to achieve the twelfth target of Sustainable Development Goals proposed by United Nations, which is to “ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns”
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