Optimization of grid energy using demand and source side management for DC microgrid

Abstract

This paper presents an optimization of grid energy using a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system for DC microgrids including distributed energy resources and residential building. The proposed system is mainly focused on distributed energy resources (DERs) for source side management (SSM) and demand side management (DSM). A SSM agent performs cheaper (less emission) source selection based on the microgrid demand. The real time scheduling updates the power settings of DERs and generates the electricity prices of the microgrid, whereas a DSM agent performs load shifting in real time, based on microgrid prices, level of stored energy in the appliance, and latest start time. The incorporation of SCADA provides the common communication for all components of the microgrid to interconnect with the control room via wireless smart sensors to update the power setting. Furthermore, the use of SSM maximizes the use of DERs and optimizes the power exchange between utility and the microgrid subjected to the system and DER constraints. The simulation results show a reduction in the peak demand and electricity bill of the building. Moreover, the obtained results show that the size of the energy storage and the power losses with the adaptive load are small as compared to the non-adaptive load.