Abstract

During the next decade, the SuperKEKB/Belle II experiment expects to collect almost two orders of magnitude more collision data than the previous generation B-Factory experiments. Study of this data requires monumental computing resources to process and to generate the required simulation events necessary for physics analysis. At the core of the Belle II simulation library is the Geant4 toolkit. To use the available computing resources more efficiently, the physics list for Geant4 has been optimized for the Belle II environment, and various other strategies were applied to improve the performance of the Geant4 toolkit in the Belle II software library. Following the inclusion of this newly optimized physics list in an updated version of Geant4 toolkit, we obtain much better CPU usage during event simulation and reduce the computing resource usage by ~ 44%.

Highlights

  • The computing software library, basf2 [1], developed for and used at the Belle II experiment [2, 3], is a framework consisting of various modules specified to conduct given tasks

  • A physics list is a collection of physics processes, models and cross sections that are used to describe the responses of a detector

  • One hemisphere is required to contain a charged track which has a ratio of energy deposited in the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECL) (E) to the momentum measured in the CDC (p) of greater than 0.8

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Summary

Introduction

The computing software library, basf2 [1], developed for and used at the Belle II experiment [2, 3], is a framework consisting of various modules specified to conduct given tasks. It is written mostly in C++, and executed using Python scripts. The Geant toolkit, with its long history, is reliable and accurate in describing detector responses initialized by physics events This general-purpose simulation software is, by default, not optimized for any individual experiment environment. From the beginning of physics runs in Phase 3, the version of Geant toolkit used in the external library was v10.1.2 with the default physics list parameter set as FTFP_BERT

The Belle II physics list
Electromagnetic physics
Decay physics
Hadronic physics
Production thresholds for secondary particles
Validation of the Belle II physics list
Pions and kaons
KL0’s and muons
Timing comparisons between the physics lists
Findings
Summary
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