Abstract
In this study, the effect of extraction parameters (ethanol concentration, sonication time, and solvent-to-sample ratio) onFicus deltoidealeaves was investigated using ultrasound-assisted extraction by response surface methodology (RSM). Total phenolic content (TPC) ofF. deltoideaextracts was identified using Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g. Box-Behnken statistical design (BBD) was the tool used to find the optimal conditions for maximum TPC. Besides, the extraction yield was measured and stated in percentage. The optimized TPC attained was 455.78 mg GAE/g at 64% ethanol concentration, 10 minutes sonication time, and 20 mL/g solvent-to-sample ratio whereas the greatest extraction yield was 33% with ethanol concentration of 70%, sonication time of 40 minutes, and solvent-to-material ratio at 40 mL/g. The determination coefficient,R2, for TPC indicates that 99.5% capriciousness in the response could be clarified by the ANOVA model and the value of 0.9681 of predictedR2is in equitable agreement with the 0.9890 of adjustedR2. The present study shows that ethanol water as solvent, a short time of 10 minutes, and adequate solvent-to-sample ratio (20 mL/g) are the best conditions for extraction.
Highlights
Ficus deltoidea, named as “Mas Cotek” in Malaysia, is a capable plant in therapeutics
Total phenolic content (TPC) rises from 376.75 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g till 430.17 mg GAE/g
analysis of variance (ANOVA) and graphical analysis demonstrated the significance of the model and interactive effects between factors
Summary
Ficus deltoidea (family: Moraceae), named as “Mas Cotek” in Malaysia, is a capable plant in therapeutics. It is reported that 50-80% of vast majority of inhabitants in advanced and progressing nations utilize some type of the imperative traditional treatments under Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) for counteractive action and improvement of wellbeing, depending on natural plants. Conventional prescriptions from plants have pulled in real consideration overall as a result of their potential pharmaceutical significance [2]. Extraction is the first critical stride in readiness of plant formulations. The improvement of advanced extraction procedures with noteworthy focal points over customary routines for the extraction and investigation of medicinal plants is prone to assume a vital part in the general exertion of guaranteeing accessibility of great herbal products to consumers around the world [3]
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