Optimization of FDM printing parameters for square lattice structures: Improving mechanical characteristics

Abstract

Integrating lattice structures into the design of products manufactured using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) can enhance the weight and strength ratio of printed models. In this research, the square lattice structure widely employed planar lattice structure is implemented, and Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament is utilized as the feedstock material for FDM printing due to its favorable properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, controlled degradation, sterilization, and mechanical characteristics. The Taguchi optimization technique is utilized to optimize the printing parameters for the square lattice structure. Design of experiment is developed based on the factors that have the most significant impact on the 3D printed product, which they determine through a literature survey of similar work. L9 orthogonal array is utilized from the design of experiments, with the requirement of three factors and three levels each: layer height (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm), printing temperature (190, 200, and 210 °C), and printing speed (50, 75, and 100 mm/s). This research aims to optimize FDM printing parameters for the square lattice structure, focusing on enhancing the weight and strength ratio of printed samples with the help of S/N ratio and ANOVA. The optimal combination of design factors includes a smaller layer height of 0.1 mm, a printing temperature of 190 °C, and a printing speed of 100 mm/s shows improvement of 25.4 % of tensile strength. The research improves productivity and material utilization and holds relevance in automobile and medical applications. The advancements achieved through this research can benefit industries that require exceptionally lightweight and durable products.