Optimization of FDM 3-D printer process parameters for surface roughness and mechanical properties using PLA material

Abstract

3D printing and Rapid prototypic has a greater impact in modern manufacturing practices. The demands from industries have created a need to research and develop new techniques for 3D printing with affordable cost. In recent time’s variety of 3D printers are available in the market which are affordable by an individual and can be used to prototype functional parts. Hence, increasing the number of outsourcing platforms for Rapid Prototyping and 3D printing, it is important to recognize specific process parameters and optimize them when parts are produced in masses as it is not feasible to alter the parameters for every batch with same application. In this present work, the process parameters such as layer thickness (0.15 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.35 mm), nozzle temperature (210 °C, 215 °C, 220 °C) and infill density (55%, 60% and 65%) are manipulated to print specimens made of PLA (Polylactic Acid). These specimens are designed as per ASTM standards and printed using Fused Deposition Modeling technique. Taguchi Design is used to design an Orthogonal Array for the manipulated parameters according to which the specimens are printed. Finally, Surfaces Roughness test, tensile test and Hardness test are conducted; the data from these tests is used to optimize the manipulated parameters.