Optimization of Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings Built of Bearing Three-Dimensional Blocks

Abstract

The article discusses the analysis of volume-block housing construction from the point of view of thermal protection of buildings. The results of full-scale tests on quality control of heat-protective properties of external walls and heat-accumulating ability of the object, on control of air permeability of the enclosing structures are presented. The multiplicity of air exchange in buildings made of volumetric blocks has been established. The estimation of the reduced heat transfer resistance of the exterior wall panel in natural conditions is made. A method of increasing the energy efficiency of houses of this type is proposed. During instrumental examination of the building, the method of complex thermal imaging control combining the advantages of the thermal imaging control method, making it possible to contactless record the distribution of radiation temperature on the surface in the field of view of the thermal imaging camera and high accuracy of contact methods for measuring temperature and heat fluxes, was used. Conducting thermal imaging of the outer and inner surfaces of the enclosing structure, we obtain the thermogram: two-dimensional images of the examined surfaces, where the color corresponds to the temperature value determined by the temperature scale of the thermogram. This thermogram makes it possible to conduct a detailed and reliable analysis of the state of the structure and its behavior in dynamics.