Abstract
Abstract Background The combined effect of drying temperature and time was evaluated on residual water content, yield of oil extraction, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of seed kernel from a Cameroonian local variety of mango (Local Ngaoundere). Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) as tool, was used to develop, validate and optimize statistical models in order to establish the impact of the drying parameters (temperature and time) either alone or in combination. Results It was shown that drying temperature individually in its first order (X 1) contributed 30.81, 21.11, 41.28 and 33.24% while drying time individually in its first order (X 2) contributed 39.91, 15.12, 29.92 and 25.87% for residual water content, yield of oil extraction, total phenolic components and antioxidant activity respectively. The increase of drying temperature increased antioxidant activity while the other physicochemical characteristics such as water content, yield of oil extraction and total phenolic components decreased. Concerning drying time, only water content was reduced with an increase of that factor. The synergetic effect of drying temperature and time was effective only for antioxidant activity. A compromise for optimization were then fixed for water content ≤ 10% w/w; oil content ≥ 9% w/w; total polyphenols ≥ 1 mg/g and antioxidant activity ≥ 1000 mg AAE/100 g DM. A simulation for optimization gave, for 60 H and 60°C for drying time and temperature respectively permitted to obtain 4.10% w/w, 9.53% w/w, 1340.28 mg AAE/100 g DM and 1.16 mg/g for water content, oil content, antioxidant activity and total polyphenols respectively. Conclusions The physicochemical characteristics studied was globally influenced by the chosen factors (drying time and temperature).
Highlights
The combined effect of drying temperature and time was evaluated on residual water content, yield of oil extraction, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of seed kernel from a Cameroonian local variety of mango (Local Ngaoundere)
The present paper aims at determining the optimal drying parameters for mango seed kernels in order to improve the butter extraction with preservation of its total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity
Response surface methodology is used in this respect, the optimization procedure consisting in determining the drying temperature and time which minimize moisture and maximize total polyphenol content, oil content, and antioxidant activity
Summary
The combined effect of drying temperature and time was evaluated on residual water content, yield of oil extraction, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of seed kernel from a Cameroonian local variety of mango (Local Ngaoundere). Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) as tool, was used to develop, validate and optimize statistical models in order to establish the impact of the drying parameters (temperature and time) either alone or in combination. The present paper aims at determining the optimal drying parameters (temperature and time) for mango seed kernels in order to improve the butter extraction with preservation of its total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Response surface methodology is used in this respect, the optimization procedure consisting in determining the drying temperature and time which minimize moisture and maximize total polyphenol content, oil content, and antioxidant activity
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