Optimization of Cowpea Productivity and Seed Quality under Soil Natural Salinity Stress Using some Different Protective Treatments تحسين انتاجية وجودة بذور اللوبيا تحت إجهاد ملوحة التربة الطبيعية باستخدام بعض المعالجات المختلفة

Abstract

This study was conducted with the aim is amelioration salinity stress and optimizes flowering, seed productivity and quality of cowpea(Kaha 1)under the stress of natural soil salinity using some different treatments during both successive seasons 2018-2019. The seeds of seed priming were grown under the same levels of natural saline stress, medium (5 dS/m) and high 7 dS/m) in two fields of El-Serw Agricultural Research Center, Damietta governorate. Sulfur (0.4 ton/fed.) and sulfuric acid (10 L/fed.)as soil amendments and chitosan (0.2 g/L), potassium silicate(1.1 g/L), and yeast extract (20 g/L)as different foliar applications in addition to untreated control. The layout of the current experiment was planned as split-split plot design in a completely randomized blocks design. The results conducted into a negative feedback of salinity stress on flowering, dry yield productivity and seed quality in comparing to improved ones by soil amendments or foliar applications. The major interaction in optimization flowering, dry yield and quality was less level of salinity stress (5 dS/m) interacted with mixed treatment between sulfur (0.4 ton/fed.), followed by sulfuric acid (10 L/fed.)amended with soil and sprayed with chitosan (0.2 g/L) or by yeast extract (20 g/L).Therefore, we recommend adding sulfur to the soil (0.4 ton/fed.) before planting as well as spraying plants with chitosan (0.2 g/l) or spraying with yeast extract (20 g/l) after 20 days of planting 3 times every 10 days to increase plant tolerance on soil salinity to obtain the best flowering, seed productivity and the highest quality under the same conditions.