Optimization of cooperative spectrum sensing with sensing user selection in cognitive radio networks

Huogen Yu,Wanbin Tang,Shaoqian Li

doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2011-208

Abstract

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can improve the spectrum sensing performance by introducing spatial diversity in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). However, such cooperation also introduces the delay for reporting sensing data. Conventional cooperation scheme assumes that the cooperative secondary users (SUs) report their local sensing data to the fusion center sequentially. This causes the reporting delay to increase with the number of the cooperative SUs, and ultimately affects the performance of CSS. In this article, we consider the reporting delay and formulate the optimization problem of CSS with sensing user selection to maximize the average throughput of the CRN in both the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment and the Rayleigh fading environment. It is shown that selecting all the SUs within the CRN to cooperate might not achieve the maximal average throughput. In particular, for the AWGN environment, the sensing user selection scheme is equivalent to selecting the optimal number of cooperative SUs due to all the SUs having the same instantaneous detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For the Rayleigh fading environment, the maximal average throughput is achieved by selecting a certain number of cooperative SUs with the highest instantaneous detection SNRs to cooperate. Finally, computer simulations are presented to demonstrate that the average throughput of the CRN can be maximized through the optimization.

Highlights

Cognitive radio (CR) technology has recently been identified as a promising way to address the spectrum scarcity by exploiting opportunistic spectrum in dynamically changing environments [1,2]
3 Problem formulation we consider the reporting delay and formulate the optimization problem of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) with sensing user selection to maximize the average throughput of the cognitive radio networks (CRNs) in both the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment and the Rayleigh fading environment
For the AWGN environment, sensing user selection is equivalent to selecting the optimal number of cooperative secondary users (SUs) due to all the SUs having the same instantaneous detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)

Summary

Introduction

Given a bandwidth-limited common control channel, the conventional scheme that cooperative SUs report their local sensing data to the fusion center sequentially may be more desirable [16]. For the AWGN environment, sensing user selection is equivalent to selecting the optimal number of cooperative SUs due to all the SUs having the same instantaneous detection SNR. Proposition 2: For given k and τs, the maximum average throughput R(k, {gi}, τs) can be achieved when k SUs with the highest detection SNRs are selected to cooperate to sense the PU channel. In the same way, we can prove that the maximum average throughput R(k, {gi}, τs) (3 ≤ k ≤ N, k Î I) can be achieved when k SUs with the highest detection SNRs are selected to cooperate to sense the PU channel. The solutions of the optimization problem in the AWGN environment and the Rayleigh fading environment are respectively presented in Tables 1 and 2

Numerical results and discussions

Conclusion