Abstract
ABSTRACT In this study, the impact of process parameters on bend angle was explored under varying cooling conditions. Optimization of process parameters and cooling conditions was performed to maximize bend angle with minimum energy input. A regression fit function was generated and experimentally validated, and the mechanical and metallurgical properties at the optimum condition were analyzed. The study revealed that forced cooling at the lower surface significantly improved the bend angle, achieving a 35.2% increase compared to natural cooling. Process parameters were found to have varying effects at different cooling conditions. Optimization using Pareto front optimality and genetic algorithm resulted in a 7.5% increase in bend angle and a 22.14% improvement in bend angle per line energy rate. The tensile strength and hardness of the bend specimen at the optimum condition were increased at the expense of ductility, attributed to phase distribution rearrangement in the laser irradiation region.
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