Optimization of CNC operating parameters to minimize surface roughness of Pinus sylvestris using integrated artificial neural network and genetic algorithm

Sibel Yildiz,Ayşenur Gürgen,Abdulkadir Malkoçoğlu,Ali Çakmak

doi:10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100401

Sibel Yildiz, Ayşenur Gürgen + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100401

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Abstract

The surface roughness of wood is affected by the processing conditions and the material structure. So, optimization of operation parameters is very crucial to have minimum surface roughness. In this study, modeling and optimization of surface roughness (Ra) of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) was investigated. Firstly, the samples were cut under different conditions 8 mm, 9 mm and 11mm depth of cut and 12 mm, 14 mm and 16 mm axial depth of cut) in computer numerical control (CNC) machine, and then surface roughness (Ra) values of samples were calculated. Then a prediction model of surface roughness was developed using artificial neural networks (ANN). Optimization process was carried out to reach minimum surface roughness of wood samples by the genetic algorithm (GA) method. MAPE value of the ANN model was found lower than 4,0 %. The optimum CNC operation parameters were 1874,5 rad/s, 3,0 m/min feed rate, 9,7 mm depth of cut and 12 mm for axial depth of cut for minimum surface roughness. As a result of study, surface roughness of Scotch pine wood can be modeled and optimized using integrated ANN and GA methods by saving time and cost.

Highlights

Surface roughness is a very small and periodic repetition of irregularities caused by the production methods used or the effects of processing factors (Peters and Cumming 1970)
Surface roughness of Scotch pine wood samples after different machining were presented at Table 4
The minimum surface roughness was calculated at 9 mm axial depth of cut, the higher value was determined at 8 mm and 11 mm axial depth of cut, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Surface roughness is a very small and periodic repetition of irregularities caused by the production methods used or the effects of processing factors (Peters and Cumming 1970). As a result of the method differences in the processing of wood and wood-based products with various machines and tools, surface roughness occurs in a wide range, which is very important to be measurable and controllable. Surface roughness of wood affected by cutting machine and cutting parameters. Researchers have been reported that machine parameters affect surface roughness of wood and wood-based materials (Gawroński 2013, Sutcu 2013, Koc et al 2017). The anatomical properties of wood are not changeable, but the processing conditions can be adjusted to the desired range of operating parameters of the machine (Hazır and Koç 2019). It is very important that the processing conditions are adjusted to minimize surface roughness

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Results

Conclusion