Optimization of Charging and Discharging of Electric Vehicles Considering Residents' Travel Habits

Abstract

Electric vehicles have significant advantages in terms of energy saving and emission reduction, and their number is increasing year by year. Due to the strong randomness and flexibility of electric vehicles, a large number of electric vehicles may be charged disorderly during the evening peak hours of electricity load, resulting in a phenomenon of “increasing peaks”. Therefore, based on the consideration of residents' travel habits and commuting characteristics, this paper simulates the charging load of electric vehicles within a week, and obtains the basic law of disorderly charging load of electric vehicles. After that, the residents' charging and discharging behaviors are optimized with the minimum charging cost and the minimum equivalent peak-to-valley difference as the optimization goals. Simulation results show that the results of disordered charging are consistent with residents' habits. The optimization results demonstrate that the optimization model can generally improve residential district electricity load and reduce the charging cost of residents, which proves the effectiveness of the model.