Optimization of Ca, Fe, and Mn adsorption of well water using column system with activated charcoal of moringa peel

Abstract

Well water is one of the community's basic needs in everyday life. The metal content of well water can consist of various metals such as Ca, Fe, and Mn. The presence of these metals can cause well water quality problems. High Ca and Mg content can cause water hardness, while Mn metal can cause brownish stains on clothes and cause odor. One of the methods used to reduce the presence of these metals is to use activated charcoal from Moringa peel as an adsorbent through the adsorption column method. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimum conditions for metal adsorption of Ca, Fe, and Mn from well water by applying a mass variation treatment of activated charcoal adsorbents from Moringa peel (5,10,15,20, and 25 g) and variation of flow rate (4.3 and 8.2 mL/min). The study results showed that optimum conditions for metal Ca adsorption were: adsorbent mass 20 g, the flow rate was 4.3.0 mL/min, adsorption efficiency was 99.64 %, and 96.91 % at flow rate 8.2 mL/min. For Fe adsorption, the adsorbent mass was 10 g, adsorption efficiency 99.52% at flow rate 4.3 mL/min, and 95.69% at flow rate 8.2 mL/min. Mn adsorption efficiency was 99.10% at a flow rate 4.3 mL/min and 96.12 % at flow rate 8.2 mL/min. For the adsorption capacity on metal adsorption based on the mass of the adsorbent with a flow rate of 4.3 mL/min for Ca, Fe and Mn, 57.89, 16.42, 11.74 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption capacity at flow rate 8.2 mL/min for Ca, Fe, and Mn were 53.46, 13.58, and 10.22 mg/g, respectively.