Abstract
Electromagnetic track brake is increasingly applied to improve emergency braking force together with the main wheel-rail brake system, while larger electromagnetic braking force is demanded. The bottom of pole shoe is designed as the same curved surface like track top in order to achieve a good contact between pole shoe and track and the pole shoe chamfering is also designed to improve electromagnetic attractive force. Three main variables that decide the electromagnetic attractive force are selected in the paper: pole shoe contact width, protection block length and pole shoe length. The reliability of electromagnetic simulation is verified through prototype test and then the electromagnetic attractive force in this study is achieved by electromagnetic simulation. First, the effects of the three variables on electromagnetic attractive force are investigated singly. Then, a uniform design method is employed in this study to further optimize electromagnetic attractive force by researching the interactional effects of the three variables. A regression model is established with pole shoe contact width, protection block length and pole shoe length as the independent variables, and electromagnetic attractive force as the dependent variable. Depending on the regression model, the optimum conditions of the three variables are achieved. In addition, finite element simulation of electromagnetic track brake is developed to investigate electromagnetic attractive force and magnetic field distribution by Ansoft Maxwell. Compared to the existing electromagnetic track brake, the electromagnetic braking force and electromagnetic braking deceleration of the optimized electromagnetic track brake are improved by 6.3% under the optimum conditions, which can greatly improve train safety in emergency. The proposed reinforcement optimizations have two outstanding characteristics. The first is keeping the space usage of electromagnetic track brake unaltered, and the other is its simplicity to conduct.
Highlights
Since the high-speed rail system Shinkansen was first launched in 1964, such rail systems have developed rapidly in Japan, Germany, France, and China [1], [2]
The reliability of electromagnetic simulation is verified through prototype test and the electromagnetic attractive force in this study is achieved by electromagnetic simulation
Compared to the pre-optimization electromagnetic track brake (ETB), the electromagnetic BF (EBF) and electromagnetic braking deceleration are very improved by 6.3%, when the pole shoe contact width, protection block length and pole shoe length are 47 mm, 40 mm and 164 mm respectively, which can greatly improve train safety in emergency
Summary
Since the high-speed rail system Shinkansen was first launched in 1964, such rail systems have developed rapidly in Japan, Germany, France, and China [1], [2]. The current maximum speed of high-speed trains reportedly reaches 574.8 km/h [3]. Reducing the speed of trains as quickly as possible during emergencies is important. The magnet track brake is employed together with the main wheel-rail brake system in emergency circumstances because it is independent of wheel–rail adhesion [1], [4]. During the operation of the magnet track brake, its pole shoes are driven by magnets to attract and contact the track. A sliding motion occurs between the pole shoes and the track to generate braking force (BF) [6]. The magnet circuit of ETB has two layout forms, namely, lateral-axis form and longitudinal-axis form [8]. The ETB is increasingly used to improve security when emergency occurs.
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