Optimization of Biomass Accumulation and Production of Phenolic Compounds in Callus Cultures of Rhodiola rosea L. Using Design of Experiments.

Anna A Erst,Nadezhda V Filinova,Svetlana Y Maltseva,Maxim S Kulikovskiy,Anastasia A Petruk,Andrey S Erst,Evgeny V Banaev,Denis A Krivenko

doi:10.3390/plants11010124

Abstract

Rhodiola rosea L. is a valuable medicinal plant with adaptogenic, neuroprotective, antitumor, cardioprotective, and antidepressant effects. In this study, design of experiments methodology was employed to analyze and optimize the interacting effects of mineral compounds (concentration of NO3− and the ratio of NH4+ to K+) and two plant growth regulators [total 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) concentration and the ratio of BAP to NAA] on the growth and the production of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) in R. rosea calluses. The overall effect of the model was highly significant (p < 0.0001), indicating that NH4+, K+, NO3−, BAP, and NAA significantly affected growth. The best callus growth (703%) and the highest production of TPCs (75.17 mg/g) were achieved at an NH4+/K+ ratio of 0.33 and BAP/NAA of 0.33, provided that the concentration of plant growth regulators was 30 μM and that of NO3− was ≤40 mM. According to high-performance liquid chromatography analyses of aerial parts (leaves and stems), in vitro seedlings and callus cultures of R. rosea contain no detectable rosarin, rosavin, rosin, and cinnamyl alcohol. This is the first report on the creation of an experiment for the significant improvement of biomass accumulation and TPC production in callus cultures of R. rosea.

Highlights

IntroductionThe application of plant in vitro systems as a sustainable platform for the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals is a promising alternative to the traditional pipeline
Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe application of plant in vitro systems as a sustainable platform for the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals is a promising alternative to the traditional pipeline.In vitro systems possess numerous advantages, including biosynthesis of safe metabolites according to good manufacturing practices (GMP) and independence from environmental factors [1,2,3]
We demonstrated that when callus cultures were exposed to an elicitor, four phenolic compounds emerged that were absent in nonelicited cultures; retention times were 13.6, 30.0, 33.3 and 46.0 (Table S1)

Summary

Introduction

The application of plant in vitro systems as a sustainable platform for the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals is a promising alternative to the traditional pipeline. In vitro systems possess numerous advantages, including biosynthesis of safe metabolites according to good manufacturing practices (GMP) and independence from environmental factors [1,2,3]. This approach does not threaten natural populations of rare and endangered plant species. One of the species currently in demand for the biotechnological production of natural substances, having adaptogenic properties and various medicinal effects [4,5,6], is Rhodiola rosea L. from the Crassulacea family.

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Discussion

Conclusion