Optimization of ammonia injection grid in hybrid selective non-catalyst reduction and selective catalyst reduction system to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions

Abstract

The uniformity of NH3 in the flue gas is the main factor improving the efficiency during the hybrid selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR)-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification process. This work presents the optimized ammonia injection grid (AIG) to enhance the mixing performance and optimize concentration uniformity. A testing ammonia injected facility with a scale of 1:1 is established to experimentally simulate the NH3 mixing behavior in the tail flue gas duct employing the tracer gas. A novel injection grid with multiple inclined nozzles is proposed to replace the conventional direct-injection type. The flow field and tracer gas concentration field are studied under the three conditions with various inclined jet angles including 0°, 30° and 45°. From results, mixing enhancement between jet and crossflow for the inclined injection grid is achieved. It is also indicated that the inclined angle plays an important effect on jet rigidity and tracer gas dilution. The flow field and tracer gas mixing performances are quantitatively analyzed by using the root mean square deviation coefficient. Multiple jets with an inclined angle of 30° achieved the best mixing performance. Consequently, optimized AIG design has shown effective NOx control performance in industrial utility furnace.