Optimization of agricultural practices in winter crops Coriandrum sativum L.

Abstract

The total volume of world production of essential oil products reaches 250 thousand tons per year, which use up to 300 species of cultivated plants and wild-growing volatile-oil-bearing plants. The soil and climatic conditions in the south of Russia are favorable for the successful development of the essential oil industry, which is important for our country. Sowing coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is the most common essential oil culture of the Russian Federation and countries of the Union of Independent States. Its crops occupy about 82.4% of all areas of volatile-oil-bearing plants. Coriander fruits contain from 1.5 to 1.8% essential oil. The main component of the essential oil, linalool, and serves as the initial product for the production of a number of fragrant substances with the smells of lemon, orange, rose, violet, etc., which are successfully used in the perfumery, food, and distillery industries. Coriander is also a honey plant. Due to the growth in demand and gross purchases of coriander seeds associated with its high purchase price, problems arose with increasing its productivity and improving the technology of cultivation. Due to the large volumes of sales of both coriander raw materials and finished products, the levels of profitability and net income of farms both in the Republic of Crimea and in the Russian Federation as a whole, as well as the development of the agro-industrial complex will significantly increase. The above analysis of domestic and foreign literature in this review article shows that winter coriander crops are most productive compared to spring crops. Introduction to the production of winter crops of coriander, with the implementation of all elements of the cultivation technology, is a promising direction of its cultivation in the Crimea, as it allows more efficient use of soil moisture, which accumulates during the autumn-winter period.