Abstract
The objective of this work was to optimize and to evaluate a solar-driven trigeneration system which operates with nanofluid-based parabolic trough collectors. The trigeneration system includes an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and an absorption heat pump operating with LiBr-H2O which is powered by the rejected heat of the ORC. Toluene, n-octane, Octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) and cyclohexane are the examined working fluids in the ORC. The use of CuO and Al2O3 nanoparticles in the Syltherm 800 (base fluid) is investigated in the solar field loop. The analysis is performed with Engineering Equation Solver (EES) under steady state conditions in order to give the emphasis in the exergetic optimization of the system. Except for the different working fluid investigation, the system is optimized by examining three basic operating parameters in all the cases. The pressure in the turbine inlet, the temperature in the ORC condenser and the nanofluid concentration are the optimization variables. According to the final results, the combination of toluene in the ORC with the CuO nanofluid is the optimum choice. The global maximum exergetic efficiency is 24.66% with pressure ratio is equal to 0.7605, heat rejection temperature 113.7 °C and CuO concentration 4.35%.
Highlights
In recent years, a lot of research has been focused on the design of efficient and renewable energy technologies [1]
The use of renewable and sustainable energy sources, as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and biomass as well as the waste heat utilization are the main ways for facing the energy problems
The investigated system is presented in details
Summary
A lot of research has been focused on the design of efficient and renewable energy technologies [1]. Solar energy is one of the most abundant energy sources [5] and it can be converted either to heat with solar thermal collectors or to electricity with photovoltaic panels [6,7]. This energy source is the most exploited among the renewable energy sources [8]. The basic idea in these systems is the exploitation of the possible rejected energy amounts in order to produce more useful energy outputs. One of the most usual techniques is the utilization of the rejected heat amounts in the condensers in order to produce useful heat or to feed bottoming energy systems
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