Optimization of a Mass Trapping Method against the Striped Cucumber Beetle Acalymma vittatum in Organic Cucurbit Fields.

Abstract

Simple SummaryStriped cucumber beetles are the main pest of cucurbits in North America. Organic cucurbit producers face a great challenge since few effective organic-approved striped cucumber beetle control methods exist. In this study, we evaluated and improved a mass trapping method using perforated yellow jugs with commercially available odorant baits to attract striped cucumber beetles. Our goal was to maximize striped cucumber beetle captures while minimizing unwanted captures of beneficial insects. We found that baited traps attracted more striped cucumber beetles than unbaited traps, and that traps with smaller holes effectively captured striped cucumber beetles while limiting unwanted captures. Finally, we also determined an optimal bait type that should preferentially be used to capture striped cucumber beetles.The striped cucumber beetle (SCB) Acalymma vittatum (F.) (Coleptera: Chrysomelidae) is a prime problem in North American cucurbit crops. While certain chemical pesticides efficiently control SCB in conventional cucurbit fields, alternative solutions are required due to the ever-evolving regulations on pesticides. For organic producers, very few control methods exist. A novel mass trapping method demonstrates the potential of controlling SCBs using floral-based semiochemical baited traps in cucurbit crops. The goals of this study were to (1) determine whether baited traps capture more SCBs than unbaited ones, and (2) optimize the trapping method by comparing different trap types and different commercially available attractants to maximize SCB captures while minimizing non-target species captures. The results of a first experiment showed that baited traps captured significantly more SCBs than unbaited ones. Baited traps also captured significantly more bees and hoverflies than unbaited ones. In a second experiment these unwanted captures were drastically reduced by using traps with ten 4 mm in diameter holes per side. Finally, a third experiment demonstrated that the attractant 40CT313 was the most efficient at capturing SCB compared to other tested lures. Overall, the optimized mass trapping technique demonstrated a potential to effectively control SCB populations in organic cucurbit crops.