Abstract
The problem of load fluctuation in the distribution network and increasing power grid cost input caused by the unpredictable behavior of electric vehicle (EV) users in response to electricity price is investigated in this paper. An optimization model method for the charging and discharging price of electric vehicles is proposed, considering the vehicle owner response and power grid cost. The rule of EV user travel is first analyzed, and the travel and battery state constraints are defined. Under the constraints of user charging and discharging behavior and battery characteristics, a user transfer rate and unit energy cost function is designed to construct a multi-objective model of charging and discharging price that minimizes electricity expenditure and avoids an increase in power grid investment. Finally, an improved multi-target fish swarm algorithm is presented to solve the model optimization problem. The example analysis shows that the proposed method can reduce the peak-valley load difference of the system and cost input of the power grid, as well as provide users with regulation ability to access the power grid at different time periods.
Highlights
Promoting the use of electric power can help mitigate the fuel crisis and increasing environmental pollution by gradually reducing the consumption of gasoline, diesel, and other automotive fuels, and alleviating pollution caused by exhaust emissions
It is assumed that the daily travel of electric vehicle (EV) users is known, that is, m times travel per day, in which there are s(i) times in the stroke of part i, and a day is divided into a 24 h period
During the EV charging and discharging process, the charge and discharging amount should be kept between the maximum load and the minimum load of the power battery capacity, that is, the charge amount should be less than the maximum load of the power battery
Summary
Promoting the use of electric power can help mitigate the fuel crisis and increasing environmental pollution by gradually reducing the consumption of gasoline, diesel, and other automotive fuels, and alleviating pollution caused by exhaust emissions. With the development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology [5], electric vehicles can exchange power with the grid through charging station A/D and D/A devices, and participate in grid charging and discharging agent services. The grid can optimize the charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicle users through V2G technology, so that more users can participate in grid peak shaving and frequency modulation and coordinated absorption of new energy services, providing benefits for both the grid and users.
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