Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to reduce the production cost of cellulase by optimizing the production medium and using an alternative carbon source such as municipal solid waste residue. In the present investigation, we aim to isolate the two novel cellulase producing fungi (Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma sp.) from municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste residue (4-5% (w/v)) and peptone and yeast extract (1.0% (w/v)) were found to be the best combination of carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of cellulase by A. niger and Trichoderma sp. Optimum temperature and pH of the medium for the cellulase production by A. niger were 40°C and 6-7, whereas those for the production of cellulase by Trichoderma sp. were 45°C and 6.5. Cellulase production from A. niger and Trichoderma sp. can be an advantage as the enzyme production rate is normally higher as compared to other fungi.
Highlights
Ethanol production from municipal solid waste biomass is emerging as one of the most important technologies for sustainable fuels. major constrains in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials for the production of fermentation sugar are low productivity and the cost of cellulases [1]
Endoglucanase cleaves internal β-1,4-glucan chain links in cellulose randomly [6] and opens the molecules for cellobiohydrolases which hydrolyze the bonds at nonreducing end of crystalline cellulosic chain producing cellobiose cellobiases which split the disaccharide units and convert cellobiose into glucose and complete the cellulolysis [7]
The results revealed that Municipal solid waste (MSW) residue (4.0%) was the best carbon substrate for exoglucanase (1.19 U/mL), endoglucanase (1.504 U/mL), and β-glucosidase (1.39 U/mL) by A. niger as shown in Figure 4, while in case of Trichoderma sp. 4.0% MSW residue was best for cellulase (exoglucanase (1.77 U/mL), endoglucanase (1.95 U/mL), and β-glucosidase (1.66 U/mL)) enzyme production (Figure 8)
Summary
Ethanol production from municipal solid waste biomass is emerging as one of the most important technologies for sustainable fuels. major constrains in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials for the production of fermentation sugar are low productivity and the cost of cellulases [1]. It was estimated that the photosynthetic material annually with respect to carbon of which about 50% is cellulose It is a fibrous, insoluble, high molecular weight, crystalline polysaccharides composted of repeating D-glucose units linked by β-1,4glucosidic bonds and being the most abundant carbohydrate polymer on earth [3, 4]. Cellulolytic fungi isolated from this source have been used to convert cellulosic materials into valuable compounds such as ethanol and organic acid. Some of these fungi are mesophiles whereas others are thermotolerant. Many cellulolytic waste products which otherwise are inedible not potable for human consumption are converted into
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