Optimization features of an aperture antenna with field variable-phase distribution

Abstract

The solution of a number of tasks at maximum ranges in a wide sector of angles requires the use by radio engineering systems of an antenna with a quasi-sector directional pattern, the formation of which is provided by an variable-phase distribution of excitation sources (currents or fields). Taking into account the ambiguous influence of many parameters of such a distribution on the shape of the realized radiation pattern, the traditional optimization criteria for such an antenna are unacceptable. The possibilities and criteria of parametric optimization can be determined using numerical methods of mathematical modeling. In order to solve the problem of parametric optimization of an aperture microwave antenna with a quasi-sector radiation pattern and to select a criterion that allows achieving the best design solution of the projected antenna in this sense, its mathematical model has been developed. It is proposed to use a complex quality criterion for optimization in a uniform approximation of antennas with variable-phase field distribution in the aperture. The constructed mathematical model of a microwave antenna describing the quasi-sector radiation pattern and the corresponding field distribution in its aperture is presented, which makes it possible to determine the controlled parameters that ensure the achievement of a given optimization criterion. The determining influence of the fraction and amplitude of the antiphase section in the field distribution on the main parameters of the radiation pattern is shown. The results of mathematical modeling indicate the possibility of controlling the parameters of the quasi-vector radiation pattern of the aperture antenna and achieving a given criterion for its optimization. The results obtained can be recommended for practical use in the design of aperture antennas with variable-phase distribution of field.