Optimization-enabled user pairing algorithm for energy-efficient resource allocation for noma heterogeneous networks

Abstract

Abstract In recent times, nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has appeared as an encouraging system for satisfying the requirements of 5G communications in alleviating the spectrum insufficiency problems. The purpose of NOMA in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is to increase the spectrum exploitation with the cost of proficient allotment of resources. Therefore, to achieve effective resource assignments for NOMA HetNets, this study develops the best user pairing and efficient power allocation approach. Here, the newly devised optimization method, Feedback Sea Lion Optimization (FSLnO), is employed for achieving a less-difficult optimal solution when user pairing. In addition, the designed FSLnO is also accomplished for performing the energy-efficient power allocation process by enhancing the lesser energy effectiveness of the femtocell users. The Feedback Artificial Tree (FAT) and Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO) are combined to create the developed FSLnO algorithm. Additionally, according to evaluation metrics like achievable rate, energy efficiency, sum rate, and throughput, the developed approach performed better, with maximum values of 2.384 Mbits/s, 0.028 Mbits/Joules, 13.27 5 Mbits/s, and 0.154 Mbps, respectively.