Abstract
A multilayer plate structure is an effective way to design an absorbing coating with excellent performance. Based on the analysis of the electromagnetic (EM) absorption principle of multilayer structures, this paper selects magnetic loss and resistance loss type materials to establish a database of EM parameters. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the design of the multilayer structure. Finally, COMSOL Multiphysics and the finite element method (FEM) are used for simulation verification. The results show that the multilayer materials prepared by different types of EM loss materials have a large absorption bandwidth and strong absorption capacity. When optimizing for different frequency bands with a thickness limited to 5 mm, the absorption band can be adjusted freely between 5 and 15 GHz by selecting the materials and thickness of each layer, which solves the limitation of a single material that only meets the requirements in a specific frequency band. When optimizing for absorption intensity, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) can reach −30.7 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.3 GHz (13.1–16.4 GHz) is achieved with only 2.44 mm. This design method provides the possibility to design multilayer composite materials with high absorption and low reflection in a wider frequency band range.
Highlights
In recent years, the use of high-power electronic devices and equipment has been increasing geometrically
Chen Mingxia et al [14] designed a multilayer gradient absorption material with different mass fractions of carbon nanomaterials, and the results showed that its minimum reflection loss (RLmin) was -9.5 dB, which improved the absorption performance by 1.5 times compared with the single-layer structure
In order to achieve tunable absorption of EM waves in different frequency bands, the optimal step size is set as 2 GHz, and the widest absorption bandwidth and maximum reflection loss are taken as the optimization objectives in each step size to solve the construction scheme of multilayer composite structure
Summary
The use of high-power electronic devices and equipment has been increasing geometrically. Chen Mingxia et al [14] designed a multilayer gradient absorption material with different mass fractions of carbon nanomaterials, and the results showed that its minimum reflection loss (RLmin) was -9.5 dB, which improved the absorption performance by 1.5 times compared with the single-layer structure. The multilayer absorbing structure has better EM absorption performance compared with the single-layer structure, the aforementioned studies all use the same type of loss absorbing material to establish the database for optimization, so the improvement of the absorbing performance is very limited [18] On this basis, in order to achieve better absorption performance, it is necessary to expand the range of EM parameters through the rich composite material library of absorbing materials with different mechanisms [19].
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