Optimization configuration model and application of product service system based on low-carbon design

Abstract

Most PSS configuration models only consider the value proposition of customers and PSS providers, while little attention has been paid to the value proposition of the environment. In this paper, a novel optimization model of PSS configuration is proposed based on low-carbon design. A new method for calculating the carbon footprint of the product modules and service modules in PSS is proposed. A new greenhouse gas (GHG)-PSS structure tree (G-PS3T) is established based on a bill of materials and a PSS structure tree (PS3T) to express the carbon footprint of a PSS. A novel optimization model for PSS configuration with customer satisfaction, profit, and carbon footprint as the optimization objectives is proposed, and a solver method based on the non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is established to obtain the optimal configuration solutions for PSS modules. An automated guided vehicle (AGV)-PSS (AGV-PSS) configuration of enterprise A suggests that the proposed PSS configuration optimization model can significantly reduce the average carbon emissions by 32.33 %. The configuration model and optimization method proposed in this paper are effective to obtain low-carbon PSS schemes that satisfy the value proposition of multi-stakeholders in the early design stage.