Abstract
In this study, recycled medium from three photosynthetic microorganisms (Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella tertiolecta and Arthrospira platensis) was evaluated for use in producing β-galactosidase, an enzyme traditionally used to degrade lactose in dairy products. Recycled medium from Chlorella vulgaris was selected to optimize culture medium to be used to produce β-galactosidase by Enterococcus faecium in submerged fermentation. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the levels of the variables: temperature (30-40°C), lactose concentration (0-5%), fermentation time (12-24h), pH (6-8) and their interaction. All variables studied had a statistically significant effect on the production of β-galactosidase. The optimal conditions for producing the enzyme were achieved: temperature of 31ºC, lactose concentration of 5.34%, fermentation time of 12h and pH of 8.0. Under these conditions, the β-galactosidase activity was 29.85 U/mL which was quite close to the predicted value (30.83 U/mL). Finally, it can be concluded that recycled medium from optimized C. vulgaris supernatant may well be important for the biotechnology industry as it is an abundant low-cost source for producing β-galactosidase by Enterococcus faecium.
Highlights
The use of microalgae is considered a future way to source the needs of various products and processes such as biofuel, feed/food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic formulations (Gangl et al, 2015)
Table. 4 shows the β-galactosidase production in Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of recycled medium (RM) from each microalgae (C.vulgaris, D.tertiolecta and A.platensis) and pH values of each medium before and after fermentation of E.faecium in comparison with the MRS control
The highest β-galactosidase activity was obtained in medium M1 and M2 of C. vulgaris and M1 of A.platensis, which represents more than 60% of enzyme activity when compared with control (Table.4)
Summary
The use of microalgae is considered a future way to source the needs of various products and processes such as biofuel, feed/food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic formulations (Gangl et al, 2015). They constitute a broad biodiversity and have been used for many years as an important source of metabolites (pigments, antioxidants and polysaccharides) (Hadj-Romdhane et al, 2012). A wide range of microalgae can excrete abundant, extracellular, bioactive compounds (proteins, polysaccharides and various small molecules) into culture medium during growth or they can be suddenly released when cell lysis occurs (Berry, 2008; De Jesus Raposo, De Morais, & De Morais, 2013; Fogg, 1983; Hadj-romdhane et al, 2013).
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