Optimization and validation of spectrofluorimetric method for determination of cefadroxile and cefuroxime sodium in pharmaceutical formulations

Abstract

A simple, accurate, precise and validated spectrofluorimetric method is proposed for the determination of two cephalosporins, namely, cefadroxile (cefa) and cefuroxime sodium (cefu) in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on a reaction between cephalosporins with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate in alkaline medium, to form fluorescent derivatives that are extracted with chloroform and subsequently measured at 610 and 605 nm after excitation at 470 and 460 nm for cefa and cefu respectively. The optimum experimental conditions have been studied. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentrations of 20-70 ng/mL and 15-40 ng/mL for cefa and cefu, respectively. The detection limits were 4.46 ng/mL and 3.02 ng/mL with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.9984 and 0.998, and recoveries ranging 97.50-109.96% and 95.73-98.89% for cefa and cefu, respectively. The effects of pH, temperature, reaction time, 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic concentration and extraction solvent on the determination of cefa and cefu, have been examined. The proposed method can be applied for the determination of cefa and cefu in pharmaceutical formulations in quality control laboratories.