Abstract
We isolated naturally occurring actinomycetes with an ability to produce metabolites having antifungal property against, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the causal agent of mango anthracnose. One promising strain was strong antifungal activity, was selected for further studies. Based on the physiological and biochemical characteristics, the bacterial strain was identical to Streptomyces aureofaciens. Culture filtrate collected from the exponential and stationary phases inhibited the growth of fungus tested, indicating that growth suppression was due to extracellular antifungal metabolites present in culture filtrate. Isolate highly produced extracellular chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase during the exponential and late exponential phases, respectively. In order to standardize the metabolite production some cultural conditions like different incubation time in hours, pH, carbon sources and concentrations and nitrogen source were determined. During fermentation, growth, pH and hydrolysis enzymes production were monitored .Treatment with bioactive components exhibited a significantly high protective activity against development of anthracnose disease on mango trees and increased fruit yield.
Highlights
Mango suffers from several diseases at all stages of its life
This study investigated to study i) antifungal activity of the cell-free culture filtrate of this antagonist to determine whether the production of the extracellular hydrolytic enzymes is involved in its observed effect ii) the optimization of antifungal metabolites production and using selected antagonistic bacteria for the control of pre- and post-harvest anthracnose on mango fruit
S. aureofaciens followed by S. griseofuscus S2 showed significant activities against pathogen
Summary
Mango suffers from several diseases at all stages of its life. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Glomerella cingulata Spauld & Schrenk) is one of the most common and serious diseases of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in the tropics [1]. The disease occurs at any stage of fruit growth and the pathogen causes the disease on a wide range of hosts such as apple, pear, guava and mango [2]. The most visible evidence of disease occurs on postharvest mango fruit by latent infection which usually results in commercial losses [4]. Various microbial antagonists have been investigated as potential antifungal biocontrol agents of plant diseases. The antagonistic activity of Streptomyces to fungal pathogens is usually related to the production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes [8]. Data related to the antagonistic ability of the extracellular metabolites of Streptomyces strains to suppress the growth of the fungal pathogens C
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