Abstract
Introduction and Aim: In 21stcentury, nanomedicine has turned out to be an emergent modulus operation for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The current study includes the optimization and green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from the leaves of Garcinia cambogia and interpretation of its antioxidant and anticancer activity.
 
 Materials and Methods: Synthesized ZnO NPs were investigated by UV–vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, SAED, particle size distribution and DLS analysis. Furthermore, different antioxidant assays were conducted for evaluating the antioxidant activity of (ZnO NPs) and its anticancer activity using (A498) cell lines along with non-cancerous (HEK-293) cell line using MTT assay and XTT assay.
 
 Results: The UV–visible spectrum showed an absorption peak at 277 nm that reflects surface plasmon resonance (SPR) ZnONPs. The presence of various functional groups was confirmed by FTIR analysis. XRD patterns indicated that the ZnO NPs had a single-phase nature with the wurtzite structure. SEM, TEM pictures confirmed the size and shape of synthesized Nanoparticles ranges of 11–32 nm and mostly hexagonal forms. The Zeta potential value of 57.9 mV revealed the surface charge of green synthesized ZnONPs. The cytotoxicity of the ZnO NPs with various concentrations (6.25 to 200 µg/mL) was measured in (A498) cell lines along with non-cancerous (HEK-293) cell line. After the exposure, to MTT and XTT assay, cellular morphology studies showed that the cancer cell viability decreased with increasing ZnO NP concentration.
 
 Conclusion: The synthesized ZnONPs via a green synthetic route could be developed as anti-cancer agent against cancer cells.
Highlights
Introduction and AimIn 21st century, nanomedicine has turned out to be an emergent modulus operation for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer
The synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs via a green synthetic route could be developed as anti-cancer agent against cancer cells
The volume of G. cambogia (GC) extract played a crucial part in deciding the size distribution of Gc-ZnO NPs and 5mL was found to be the optimum quantity of extract required for the biosynthesis
Summary
Introduction and AimIn 21st century, nanomedicine has turned out to be an emergent modulus operation for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. RCC constituted around 2% of them; it is relatively rare compared to other cancers. Both incidence and mortality are raising in an alarming rate of 3% per decade. Specific therapies prevailed for advanced kidney cancer in the clinic since the disease is unsusceptible to chemotherapy [5]. Most of them are in clinical trials whereas only few drugs are in favourable features to get the approval from Food and Drug Administration [1] In this regard, the development of nanoparticles (NP) based drugs have been effective in having minimal side effects and targeted action on cancer cells due to their large surface area. Recent studies suggested that plants seem to be more advantageous and are proper for green production of nanoparticles in large scale where, the rate of synthesis is faster than that in the case of other
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