Optimization and extraction of DNA from medicinally important plant species Phyllanthus emblica

Abstract

Indian gooseberry has two scientific names Phyllanthus emblica and Emblica officinalis. Gooseberry has cookery and herbal medicine uses. It grows abundantly in the forests of India and many South Asian countries. Indian gooseberry supplements are used in anti-aging, cancer, heart health, blood sugar levels, liver damage and immune health. Fruit is reputed to probably have the highest content of vitamin C compared with any other naturally occurring substances in nature. Active extracts of P. emblica have been shown to possess several pharmacological properties, e.g., analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and chemo protective activities P. emblica being a perennial crop, molecular tools can be of great utility to support the conventional breeding. Therefore, isolation of intact high-quality DNA is essential for carrying out molecular studies. DNA extraction is the isolation of DNA from a sample. The reason includes its role in understanding the plant's genetic makeup, identifying specific genes and developing improved varieties with desirable traits. They contribute to molecular biology research and to the broader understanding of plant genetics and evolution. Different methods include Lysis, Precipitation, Purification and Concentration. DNA is extracted from Indian gooseberry for various purposes such as genetic studies, plant breeding and research. The reagents used in this process are Tris EDTA buffer, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide buffer and some chemicals.