Abstract
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71), both of which can cause hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), are responsible for large epidemics in Asian and Pacific areas. Although inactivated EV71 vaccines have completed testing in phase III clinical trials in Mainland China, CA16 vaccines are still under development. A Vero cell-based inactivated CA16 vaccine was developed by our group. Screening identified a CA16 vaccine strain (CC024) isolated from HFMD patients, which had broad cross-protective abilities and satisfied all requirements for vaccine production. Identification of the biological characteristics showed that the CA16CC024 strain had the highest titer (107.5 CCID50/mL) in Vero cells, which would benefit the development of an EV71/CA16 divalent vaccine. A potential vaccine manufacturing process was established, including the selection of optimal time for virus harvesting, membrane for diafiltration and concentration, gel-filtration chromatography for the down-stream virus purification and virus inactivation method. Altogether, the analyses suggested that the CC-16, a limiting dilution clone of the CC024 strain, with good genetic stability, high titer and broad-spectrum immunogenicity, would be the best candidate strain for a CA16 inactivated vaccine. Therefore, our study provides valuable information for the development of a Vero cell-based CA16 or EV71-CA16 divalent inactivated vaccine.
Highlights
Coxackievirus A16 (CA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are two major etiological agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD)
They were genetically distinct from the prototype CA16 G10 strain and determined to be recombinant viruses involving multiple type A human enteroviruses (HEV), including CA4, CA16 G10 and EV71A [24]
In order to develop a CA16 vaccine and satisfy the standards for innovative vaccine development according to EV71 vaccine [20], we isolated 12 CA16 viruses from hospitalized patients diagnosed with CA16 infection by use of an RT-PCR detection kit
Summary
Coxackievirus A16 (CA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are two major etiological agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). HFMD has become a severe pubic health problem and caused both economic difficulties and social panic [1]. The development of a HFMD vaccine has targeted mainly. Recent clinical investigations showed that CA16 was responsible for HFMD infections, but it was associated with severe health issues, such as aseptic meningitis, rhombencephalitis, cardiac and pericardial disease, pulmonary complications, and even lethal myocarditis [7,8,9,10,11,12]. The co-circulation of CA16 and EV71 has resulted in co-infections by the two viruses, which may have led to their recombination [13,14] and generation of a recombinant virus responsible for a large HFMD outbreak in the Chinese mainland [15]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
