Optimización de parámetros de cultivo de Pleurotus eryngii y desarrollo de cepas mejoradas por apareamiento de neohaplontes compatibles

Abstract

Production parameters for cultivation of P. eryngii were established. With 21 days incubation, a substrate of wheat straw (45%), sawdust (20%), wheat bran (16%) and gluten (5%) packed in 3.5 kg bags produced higher BE (103%) than a cotton waste substrate (BE=74%). Cold treatment or scratching of substrate for induction of fruiting resulted unnecessary. Strains FQ and MB of P. eryngii were dedikaryotized by blending mycelium suspensions for 300 seconds and inoculation 50 µL of homogenate into solutions with 20 g/L glucose and peptone. In two dedikaryotization experiments, both component monokaryons (neohaplonts) were recovered from strains FQ and MB. Hybrids and reconstructed parental dikaryons were obtained by mating neohaplonts. The strains generated in the first dedikaryotization experiment were fruited. The parental strains produced lower BE (103, 84%) than reconstructed strains (183, 101%) and two hybrids (106, 174%). After a second dedikaryotization, 17 neohaplonts were mated to produce 3 reconstructed strains and 7 hybrids. Their growth curves were determined on 2 solid media (MEA agar and wheat). The Baranyi model showed the best adjustment to growth curves and allowed to separate them into statistically different groups and to calculate the corresponding kinetic parameters (μmax, λ) on MEA agar and wheat.