Optimizacija karakteristika kvaliteta reza kod rezanja laserom BFRP kompozita korišćenjem genetskog algoritma baziranog na grej relacionoj analizi

Abstract

In laser beam machining, the geometrical precise cutting of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials is a challenging task in order to produce a higher quality cut. The aim of the present research is to determine optimum levels of cutting parameters able to provide geometrically accurate cut for 1.60 mm thick Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composite laminate. The total of 42 experiments have been performed on a 250W pulsed Nd:YAG laser system. During experimentation, the lamp current, pulse width, pulse frequency, compressed air pressure and cutting speed have been varied to evaluate different kerf quality characteristics such as top and bottom kerf width, top & bottom kerf deviation, and kerf taper. Experimental results have been used to single index optimization of evaluated multiple kerf quality characteristics. A hybrid grey relational analysis coupled with genetic algorithm approach has been adopted for the optimization. The optimum levels of cutting parameters have been found at moderate lamp current (184.5 Amp), lower pulse width (2 ms), compressed air pressure (8 kg/cm²) and cutting speed (50 mm/min) and higher pulse frequency (30 Hz). Finally, confirmation experiments have been conducted and it has been observed that optimal levels of cutting parameters are able to improve top kerf width, bottom kerf width, top kerf deviation, bottom kerf deviation, and kerf taper by 13.33 %, 13.29 %, 23.52 %, 23.07 %, and 10.83 %, respectively. From the experimental results, it has been found that lamp current is the most significant parameter for all kerf quality characteristics.