Abstract
This article deals with the optimization of the operation of hybrid microgrids. Both the problem of controlling the management of load sharing between the different generators and energy storage and possible solutions for the integration of the microgrid into the electricity market will be discussed. Solar and wind energy as well as hybrid storage with hydrogen, as renewable sources, will be considered, which allows management of the energy balance on different time scales. The Machine Learning method of Decision Trees, combined with ensemble methods, will also be introduced to study the optimization of microgrids. The conclusions obtained indicate that the development of suitable controllers can facilitate a competitive participation of renewable energies and the integration of microgrids in the electricity system.
Highlights
In recent years, the microgrid paradigm has emerged, introduced in the early 21st century by Lasseter [1] as an approach that considers generation and associated loads as a subsystem or microgrid
We have evaluated the following of the proposed models explained in the previous sections, in order to measure the accuracy: Hysteresis Band Control, Fuzzy Logic Control, and Decision Trees (DT)
Described by Lan et al [80], two wind units, two solar panels and some switches are located in the microgrid, and a battery storage unit is installed in the hybrid microgrid
Summary
The microgrid paradigm has emerged, introduced in the early 21st century by Lasseter [1] as an approach that considers generation and associated loads as a subsystem or microgrid. A microgrid can be considered as a set of loads, generators and storage that can be managed in isolation or connected to the rest of the grid in a coordinated manner to supply electricity reliably [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Originally associated with electricity grids, the concept has been broadened to any set of equipment, such as loads, storage systems and generators, which operates as a unique manageable system that can provide both electrical and thermal power or fuel to a given area [8]. A microgrid can operate interconnected to the utility through the main distribution grid, using the so-called Point of Common Coupling (PCC), or in island mode, and can be interconnected with other microgrid systems, which can lead to more complex structures
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