Abstract
We discuss the design and optimisation of two types of junctions between surface-electrode radiofrequency ion-trap arrays that enable the integration of experiments with sympathetically cooled molecular ions on a monolithic chip device. A detailed description of a multi-objective optimisation procedure applicable to an arbitrary planar junction is presented, and the results for a cross junction between four quadrupoles as well as a quadrupole-to-octupole junction are discussed. Based on these optimised functional elements, we propose a multi-functional ion-trap chip for experiments with translationally cold molecular ions at temperatures in the millikelvin range. This study extends complex chip-based trapping techniques to Coulomb-crystallised molecular ions with potential applications in mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, controlled chemistry and quantum technology.
Highlights
Two-dimensional ion-trap arrays have become important tools for the development of large-scale quantum information processing [1, 2, 3] and quantum simulation [4, 5, 6] based on atomic ions
The extension of SE trapping technology to cold molecular ions opens up exciting possibilities, e.g., the implementation of miniaturised guided-ion-beam experiments which could combine mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, reaction studies, and cold chemistry experiments on a chip device
The geometries obtained from the first optimisation served as starting points for the second, in which electric potentials generated by three-dimensional structures including gaps were computed using the finite element method (FEM) [39]
Summary
Two-dimensional ion-trap arrays have become important tools for the development of large-scale quantum information processing [1, 2, 3] and quantum simulation [4, 5, 6] based on atomic ions. A junction can be seen as an element that enables the modification of trapping fields between two different trapping configurations, e.g., a quadrupole-to-octupole junction which can be of interest for, e.g., connecting a standard quadrupole ion transport channel with a large-volume octupolar ion storage region. Such field-modifying junctions allow the manipulation of the ion-crystal structures as well as the separation of a single harmonic well into a double-well trapping configuration with potential applications in quantum information and quantum matter-wave experiments [25]. A design of a multi-functional ion-trap array which enables the integration of several experiments on a single-layer chip is presented (section 4)
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