Abstract
Improved and simplified HPLC conditions for the determination and quantification of both the steroidal glycoalkaloid (solamargine) and its aglycone (solasodine) are described. The best isocratic conditions were developed using a C18 column and methanol in combination with an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate buffer. The isocratic conditions were shown to be more reproducible, less time consuming and to give sharper peaks (better separation). The effects of adjusting solvent: buffer ratio, buffer pH and buffer molarity were evaluated.
Highlights
Steroidal glycolakaloids (SGAs) are naturally occurring nitrogen containing toxins found in the Solanaceae family (Carman et al, 1986; Friedman and Dao, 1992)
It can be seen that the solasodine eluted much faster (retention time (RT) 2.9 minutes) when the percentage of the methanol in the mobile phase was increased to 80% (Figure 2d)
Decreasing the percentage of the methanol to 60% and 55 % resulted in an increase of the run times (7.9 minutes for solasodine and 7.7 minutes for solamargine respectively), and in a broadening of solasodine and solamargine bands (Figures 2a and 3a)
Summary
Steroidal glycolakaloids (SGAs) are naturally occurring nitrogen containing toxins found in the Solanaceae family (Carman et al, 1986; Friedman and Dao, 1992). UV absorption spectra of SGAs and steroidal glycoalkaloid aglycones (SGAAs) are very simple and similar (Kuronen et al, 1999) They lack chromatographic groups in the common operating range of UV spectrophotometry and absorb only at the low wavelength end of the UV spectrum. Steroidal glycoalkaloids are of great interest from both ecological and human health aspects They may play important roles in the plant's efforts to protect itself against herbivores and microbial pathogens. Solasodine (Figure 1) is a water insoluble steroidal alkaloid considered as potential raw material for steroid drug manufacture (Eltayeb et al, 1997; Jacob and Malpathak, 2005) It occurs in species of Solanum plants in the form of the water soluble
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