Abstract
A response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized in this study for optimisation of biogas production process. The optimal values of process parameter capable of giving a high yield of biogas were established. A biodigester of 20 liters capacity capable of producing biogas from rural household domestic waste was designed, constructed and used in the study. Its major units are the anaerobic and gas collecting units. The process parameters investigated are the pH of the substrate, detention time and ratio of substrate to water while the yield of biogas was used as performance characteristics. The experiment was based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The results revealed that the highest yield of biogas was obtained from a combination of detention time of 30 days, ratio of substrate to water of 1:1 and pH of 7, while the least yield of biogas of 11 cm3 was obtained from combination of detention time of 30 days, ratio of substrate to water of 1:3 and pH of 2. Numerical optimization carried out with the goal of maximizing the biogas yield revealed optimum values of detention time of 40 days, the ratio of substrate and water used; 1:2 and pH of 6.71 for biogas of 771.77 cm3 with the desirability of 0.9850. The detention time had the highest significant effects on the yield of biogas. The results of this study provided standard input process variables capable of yielding the optimum yield of biogas for the rural community.
Highlights
Energy plays an important role in the socio-economic development of many Countries
The results revealed that the highest yield of biogas was obtained from a combination of detention time of 30 days, ratio of substrate to water of 1:1 and pH of 7, while the least yield of biogas of 11 cm[3] was obtained from combination of detention time of 30 days, ratio of substrate to water of 1:3 and pH of 2
This study focused on optimisation of biogas production through variation of pH, detention time and ratio of substrate to water, for rural utilization
Summary
Energy plays an important role in the socio-economic development of many Countries. It is widely recognized that energy is linked in various ways in reducing poverty, improving human well-being and living standards. Firewood (fuel wood) is defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as “wood in the rough (from trunks and branches of trees) to be used as fuel for purposes such as cooking, heating or power production.[5] The burning of firewood has a negative impact on health due to high emissions of gases, such as respiratory , heart diseases, lung cancer, and eye irritations.[6] biogas technology was considered as an alternative source of renewable energy, capable of producing clean resources, in addition to its applicability in management of organic waste from the industry and household sectors.[4] it is a flexible form of renewable energy that can produce heat, electricity and is commonly used for cooking, lighting and serves as fuel for vehicle.[7] this study focused on optimisation of biogas production through variation of pH, detention time and ratio of substrate to water, for rural utilization
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