Optimisation models and the economics of managerial decision-making

Abstract

Making optimal decisions is a process whose aim is to select the best solution from the perspective of efficiency, economy and rationality. This process includes a group of logically related mental and computational operations. They lead to the selection of the best possible decision-making option. To optimize decision-making processes and increase their quality, various methods and techniques based on mathematics and statistics are used. Decision-making is a basic condition for solving management and economic problems in an organization, whether traditional, process-based or project-based. Rational models, where the issue of rationality in the decision-making process is considered in relation to: conditions and assumptions that must be met in order for decisions to be classified as rational, practical recommendations (how a rational manager should act), model approaches to decision-making processes (how how decision-making processes should proceed). Behavioral models of bounded rationality. Here, the decision-maker follows the rules of full rationality, but is not "perfect" in his tasks. He is prevented from acting fully rationally by certain limitations: cognitive, motivational, organizational or emotional. Heuristic models - they assume a complete departure from full rationality, present real decision-making processes, akin to the "double process" mozel - integrate an approach oriented on rational analysis with an approach oriented on intuition