Optimisation method for efficiently determining feed parameters of phased array antenna in microwave wireless power transmission

Abstract

AbstractIn the microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) system, to improve the beam collection efficiency (BCE) and decrease the impact of microwave on the ecological environment outside the receiving area, it is necessary to optimise the beam pattern of transmitting antenna which includes accurate beam pointing and low sidelobe level. Furthermore, when the target is moving, the synthesised beams are required to track the target within a certain range. To track the target quickly and reduce the influence of the beam pattern's distortion on the BCE, this article proposes a time‐saving and effective method to optimise the feed parameters of the phased array antenna (PAA). This method draws on the ideas of Auto‐Encoder network, and uses multi‐layer perceptron to establish a mapping relationship between the desired beam pattern and the feed parameters of PAA. At the same time, to consider the coupling effect between antenna elements, the Eigen‐driven analysis method is adopted to form the actual beam pattern without calling the full wave simulation results. To make the actual beam pattern as close to the desired beam pattern as possible, Adaptive moment estimation algorithm is used to realise the error back propagation. After several iterations, when the error is minimised, the optimal feed parameters can be obtained. The advantage of the proposed method is that speedy focussing and high efficient energy transmission can be realised for the targets in a certain position. A set of examples and corresponding comparative analysis are presented to demonstrate the performances and superiority of the proposed method in MWPT system.