Abstract
Plate theory is applied to the separation of eluted peaks in chromatography. It is shown that the peak elution volumes V A and V B for two solutes A and B can be used to define a separation factor S [ S = ( V B - V A)/( V A + V B)] which is simply related to the chromatographic resolution R s ; S = 2 R s / N ± where N is the number of theoretical plates of the column. It is shown that the use of the relative volatility factor α for optimisation of chromatographic performance can lead to inconsistencies when the column dead volume V O is not much smaller than V A and V B and that the use of S avoids these inconsistencies and is more straightforward particularly since it does not require measurement of V O. Application of both approaches is made to the optimisation of the pH for separation of aromatic acids in water-methanol elution on octadecyl silica.
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