OPTIMATION OF SORBITOL, GLYCERINE, AND XANTHAN GUM COMBINATION IN MUCOLITIC SYRUP OF Hibiscus rosa-sinensis LEAVES EXTRACT USING MIXTURE DESIGN (D-OPTIMAL)

Abstract

Ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L leaves has in vitro mucolytic activity which at 0.75% has in vitro mucolytic activity equivalent to 0.1% acetylcysteine. However, the extract has a bitter taste and low acceptability. Therefore, Hibiscus leaf extract is formulated in the form of syrup by optimizing the excipient. In this research, the optimized excipients were sorbitol, glycerin, and xanthan gum since those excipients have roles to improve the acceptability of syrup by using the Mixture Design (D-Optimal) method. The properties of physical syrup that were evaluated included acidity (pH), viscosity, ease of pouring, and taste. The difference between the optimum formula prediction from software and the physical characteristics syrup experimental results were continued using a onesample of t-test with a confidence level of 95%. The mucolytic effectiveness of optimal syrup was tested and compared to the positive control (0.1% acetylcysteine syrup). The D-Optimal Mixture Design had a desirability value of 0.84, with the optimal percentage of excipients being 34.57% of sorbitol solution, 15.53% of glycerin, and xanthan gum with 0.10%. The results pH, viscosity, ease of pouring, and taste of optimum syrup showed no significant difference (sig > 0.05) between the experimental results and the predictions Design Expert® software version 7.1.5. It is confirmed the validation of the software used for the experiment. The optimum syrup of ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. leaves has mucolytic activity equivalent to acetylcysteine syrup at 0.1%.