Abstract
Dandruff is an anomalous condition characterized by excessive exfoliation of the horny layer from the scalp. The leaves of the water henna plant (Impatiens balsamina L.) are one of the natural ingredients that have anti-dandruff properties, so they can be used as an active ingredient in making dandruff shampoo. The water henna leaves were extracted using the maceration method with ethanol 96%. Apart from the active ingredients, shampoo also has an important component, namely surfactants. The surfactant used in this study was a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and cocamide DEA. The purpose of this study was to optimize the surfactant formula of sodium lauryl sulfate and cocamide DEA in water henna leaf extract shampoo. This research was a laboratory experimental research. Formula optimization was done through the Simplex Latice Design (SLD) method approach by making eight formulas. All formulas were evaluated for their physical properties including the foam height test and pH test. The data obtained were processed with Design Expert® software. Based on the physical evaluation of the water henna leaf extract shampoo, the results of the high foam test were 10,025 cm and a pH of 6,12. The results of the acceptability test of shampoo preparations including the parameters of color, smell, texture and viscosity received a fairly good response with the acquisition of values 3,1, 3,3, 3,9 and 4 with information 1 (very dislike), 2 (dislike), 3 (quite like), 4 (like) and 5 (really like). The optimum formula for the shampoo consisting of 5% water henna leaf extract, 1,1863% sodium lauryl sulfate, 19,814% cocamide DEA, 3% CMC, 0,5% citric acid, 0,5% methyl paraben, 0,15% menthol and distilled water had physical properties that meet the requirements of a good shampoo preparation.
Highlights
Dandruff is an anomalous condition characterized by excessive exfoliation of the horny layer from the scalp
The leaves of the water henna plant (Impatiens balsamina L.) are one of the natural ingredients that have anti-dandruff properties, so they can be used as an active ingredient in making dandruff shampoo
The surfactant used in this study was a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and cocamide DEA
Summary
Alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah alat-alat gelas laboratorium (Iwaki), aluminium foil, ayakan, blender (Miyako), corong, gunting, hot plate (Labnet), kain hitam, kain mori, kertas label, kertas saring, kompor (Rinnai), lateks, lemari asam, masker, mortar, pH meter (Ohaus), pot 50 mL, pot 100 mL, rak tabung reaksi, rubber bulb, sendok besi, sendok plastik, spatula, termometer, timbangan analitik (Ohaus), toples kaca, toples plastik, wadah pengeringan, dan wajan. Adapun bahan-bahan yang digunakan yaitu daun pacar air (Impatiens balsamina L.) yang diambil di Desa Bunkate, Kecamatan Jonggat, Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, etanol 96% teknis (Merck), natrium lauril sulfat (Merck), cocamide DEA (Merck), CMC (Merck), mentol (Merck), asam sitrat (Merck), metil paraben (Merck), larutan HCl 2 N (Merck), akuades dan kertas perkamen. Sebanyak 500 g serbuk simplisia daun pacar air dimaserasi atau direndam dengan larutan etanol 96% sebanyak 3.500 mL selama 24 jam dimana dilakukan pengadukan tiap jam pada 6 jam pertama. Seluruh filtrat digabungkan menjadi satu, kemudian diuapkan pada suhu tidak lebih dari 500C menggunakan wajan berisi air yang dipanaskan di atas kompor untuk memperoleh ekstrak kental. Optimasi Formula Sampo Ekstrak Daun Pacar Air Berdasarkan formula sampo ekstrak daun pacar air pada tabel 1, maka akan dilakukan optimasi sampo ekstrak daun pacar air dengan variasi konsentrasi natrium lauril sulfat dan cocamide DEA. Variasi konsentrasi bahan tersebut diperoreh dari pengolahan data menggunakan perangkat lunak Design Expert versi 11.0.0 seperti pada tabel 2
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