Abstract
A hybrid energy storage system based on a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and a battery is designed and applied using solar energy in this study. The fuel cell and batteries are connected using a direct coupling method. The optimal DC coupling voltage is examined by turning the fuel cell operation on and off. The voltage difference is first evaluated and it is found that a 2 V difference yields the optimal condition with the longest operating time and transition period without system failure. Various on–off couples are then determined. It is found that an on–off couple of 49–51 V presents the best transition period, indicating the good harmonized operation between the fuel cell and batteries. Therefore, an on–off couple at 49–51 V for fuel cell operation is the optimal and suitable DC coupling voltage according to this work system.
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