Abstract
AbstractOenothera glazioviana (= O. Erythrosepala) behaves as a facultative biennial in an infertile sand‐dune system in Japan. In the field, seedlings emerge mainly in autumn following seed ripening in late summer with an additional small peak in spring. The effects of emergence time on subsequent survival and fecundity, and the ultimate numbers of seeds produced per emerging seedling (Fs) were examined by a demographic model. The model showed that seedlings emerging either in March or in September–October will attain higher Fs than those emerging in other months. If mortality in the seed bank is taken into account, autumn seems to be the best season for emergence to maximize the number of seedlings in the next generation.
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