Abstract
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential when detecting damage in large and complex structures in order to provide a comprehensive assessment of the structural health state. Optimal sensor placement (OSP) is critical in the structural health monitoring system, which aims to use a limited number of sensors to obtain high-quality structural health diagnosis data. However, the current research mainly focuses on OSP for structures, without considering the values contributed by different modes to the bridge structure. In this article, an optimal sensor placement method based on initial sensor layout, using the dynamic adjustment of attenuation factor gravitational search algorithm (DGSA), is proposed. The effective modal mass participation ratio is introduced to ensure the validity of the initial data of optimal sensor placement. In view of the insufficient developmental ability of the gravitational search algorithm, the attenuation factor α adjusted dynamically aids the global search in the early iteration and the local fine search in the late iteration. The double coding method is used to apply the DGSA algorithm to OSP; taking cable-stayed bridges as an example, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified. The results show that the improved algorithm has a good optimization ability and can accurately and efficiently determine the optimal placement of sensors.
Highlights
With the progress being made in science and technology, large buildings and bridge structures are becoming widely used
Considering that the selection of mode is very important in the optimal placement of sensors, a matrix of the first 50 modes of the cable-stayed bridge is derived through the modal analysis process. e effective modal mass participation ratio in three directions is calculated, and the modal order with an R value greater than 90% is selected as the mode to be used. e effective mass corresponding to the first 50 modes is shown. e main modes are selected in the x, y, and z directions, and the corresponding Mi, ri, and R are determined
Work is article presents an Optimal sensor placement (OSP) method based on mode selection and an improved DGSA to solve the sensor placement optimization problem
Summary
With the progress being made in science and technology, large buildings and bridge structures are becoming widely used. Erefore, an innovative method is needed to accurately and effectively determine OSP in the structure In view of these three defects, a reworking of the dynamic adjustment of attenuation factor gravitational search algorithm (DGSA) is presented in this paper. E specific content of this paper is as follows: Section 2 introduces the improved GSA, Section 3 introduces the optimal sensor placement method based on the DGSA, and Section 4 takes a cable-stayed bridge as the object, reports on the example test, and offers an analysis of its results. Erefore, DGSA selects a smaller attenuation factor α in the early stage of the search, and the particles perform the global search with a larger step size, which is beneficial in reducing the search time of the algorithm and improving the overall optimization efficiency. Particle M1 generates resultant force F1 and acceleration a1 under the action of universal gravitation of M2, M3, and M4. rough the adaptive mechanism of attenuation factorα, particle M1 approaches the global optimal solution with different steps
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