Optimal temperature and Mn content for enhancing optical properties and inducing room temperature ferromagnetism of Mn doped In2O3 nanocubes

M A Awad,Mohamed Rabia

doi:10.1007/s00339-022-05343-0

Abstract

In this strategy, chemical vapor deposition technique is utilized to synthesize undoped and Mn doped In2O3 nanostructures. Temperature effects on oxygen content, doping level and the associated morphological, structural, optical and magnetic properties have been investigated. The surface morphology examinations showed the ability of manganese ions to catalyze the nanoflakes of undoped In2O3 to grow into nanocubes. An appropriate proposal for the growth mechanism has been elucidated. X-ray diffraction proved that Mn doping enhanced the growth of In2O3 along different crystallographic planes with preferred growth of the (222) plane. The strain and dislocation density were decreased while grain sizes were increased with increasing Mn content. The optical analysis showed reduction in transmission that was related to oxygen vacancies in undoped In2O3 and phase separation in doped samples. The optical band gap values were decreased from 3.82 to 3.71 eV with increasing Mn content whereas the refractive index values were increased. The magnetic response elucidated the optimal temperature and Mn content for inducing the room temperature ferromagnetism.

Highlights

In recent years, the researcher’s interest in synthesizing diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have been increased
The low solubility of transition elements form clusters and heterogeneous regions that hinder the realization of room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) [4]
The current study aimed to examine the influence of Mn content on tuning the morphological, optical and magnetic properties of In2O3 nanostructure using chemical vapor deposition technique (CVD) technique

Summary

Introduction

The researcher’s interest in synthesizing diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have been increased. The introduction of transition elements into a compatible semiconductor recently became the most prevailing setting for the fabrication of room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) [1]. Amiri et al [28] used the first-principles calculations that are based on the density functional theory, to calculate the optical spectra of Mn doped In2O3 in the energy range 0–40 eV. They found that the refractive index increased with Mn doping. The confirmation of the oxygen deficient for inducing room temperature ferromagnetisms has been investigated

Experimental procedures

Results and discussion

Magnetic behavior

Conclusion