Abstract
Large frequency deviations after islanding are exceedingly critical in small receiving-end power systems. The under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) scheme is an efficient protection step for preventing system black outs. It is very important to get an exact model to design the UFLS schemes. In this paper, an optimization model to achieve the system frequency response (SFR) model either from the full-scale power system or from test records was proposed. The optimized SFR model took into account the response of governors-prime movers and the dynamic characteristics of loads developed in the modern power system. Then the UFLS schemes were designed via the optimized SFR model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. The time-domain simulation with the actual small receiving-end power system was presented to investigate the validity of the presented model and the developed technique.
Highlights
Because of more economic objectives for operation, power grids are being operated around their stability limits nowadays
To ensure the under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) schemes accidents or the loss of the powersmall under normal circumstances yield acceptable systemagainst performance after islanding for the maximized active power import, the particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based model proposed in Section was employed to of small receiving-end power system
Novel methods based on PSO are presented for parameter identification and UFLS
Summary
Because of more economic objectives for operation, power grids are being operated around their stability limits nowadays. The design methods for UFLS schemes reported in the literature were almost established on the system frequency response (SFR) model, which was first proposed in [13]. A model for the design of a robust and high-performance UFLS scheme is proposed based on the simplified SFR model with the identified parameters. PSO is a heuristic algorithm with good properties, and it has been widely applied to solve complex optimization problems in power systems, i.e., stability control, operation, and planning [21,22]. The results based on the time domain simulation with the full-scale power system are presented to demonstrate the precision of the simplified SFR model with the identified parameters and the effectiveness of the proposed optimizing strategies for UFLS scheme design.
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